By Padma Narayanan The Hindu devotee’s God is endowed with all beauty. He is a paragon of all qualities ever conceived by the imperfect human mind and yet He is in some special way part of the devotee’s psyche. If a devotee occasionally forgets all mores of propriety and sees the divine form as someone dearer than anyone or anything else, that very closeness making all apparent inequalities disappear; and if all kinds of liberties are taken with that God, can that familiarity be faulted? Would it amount to sacrilege or blasphemy to bless God Himself or take Him to task for not coming to the devotee in his/her time of need? Our poetry is rich with any number of songs that, under the veil of ridicule adore our Gods and Goddesses, display a unique intimacy. Do we not have a Vaishnavite saint losing himself in the beauty of the Lord that he breaks out spontaneously with verses blessing the Lord that He may live for many years? WE HAVE AN ENTIRE TREASURE OF SONGS AND POEMS BELONGING TO THIS UNIQUE GENRE. WE HAVE DEVOTEES WHO CHIDE THEIR GODS FOR BEING INDIFFERENT TO THEIR NEEDS, SO MUCH SO THAT THEY ASK FOR THE INTERVENTION OF THE LORD’S CONSORT TO ADVOCATE THEIR CASES BEFORE HER HUSBAND. ‘WHEN HE IS ALONE WITH YOU, HAPPY IN YOUR COMPANY, WILL YOU REMIND HIM OF HIS OBLIGATION TO PROTECT ME?’ SINGS RAMADAS (‘NANNU BROVAMANI CHEPPAVE’). DEVOTEE NONPAREIL Saint Tyagaraja’s language is always direct and conversational. His identification with the Lord is so complete that now and then the dividing line between the master and the servant disappears. This servant of Rama has known his master so well and for so long that he indulges in certain leniencies in the way he communicates with Him. Very often, there is a tone of impatient mockery in Tyagaraja’s voice that is so endearing. The saint-poet wonders in one of his songs if Rama is indifferent towards him heeding the advice of someone. “Who did you listen to and so will not come to my help? Or are you not here?” (‘Evarimata’ – Khambodi). In another song the saint makes a bold attempt to ask the Lord, “Have you not yet considered coming to my protection? At this time of my agony, how can you bring yourself to sport merrily with your wife?’” (‘Mathilo Yochan’ – Kolahalam). The devotee-divinity relationship is so personal and intimate that the devotee is able to question the implied indifference that the Lord displays towards His bhakta. Wondering what could have caused such indifference, Tyagaraja questions, “Are you scared you’ll lose your wealth if you appear before me?” (‘Ethita Nilachite,’ – Sankarabharanam) and “Perhaps your grace will fall on me only if I own elephants and wealth?” (‘Tharithapu Lekha’ – Saveri). “REMEMBER YOU OWE ALL YOUR GRANDEUR TO HAVING MARRIED OUR JANAKI.” (‘MAA JANAKI’ – KHAMBODI) REMINDS TYAGARAJA. IN ANOTHER SONG HE EVEN DOUBTS IF RAMA HAS LOST ALL CONTROL OVER HIS SUBORDINATES: HE ASKS, “HAS YOUR MOUNT, THE BIRD-KING GARUDA, REFUSED TO BRING YOU TO MY SIDE SAYING THAT THE EARTH IS TOO FAR FROM THE CELESTIAL SKIES?” (‘NAGUMOMU’ – ABHERI.) “RAMA! HAS ANYONE WHO ASKED YOU FOR HAPPINESS EVER GOT IT? … SURPANAKA EXPRESSED HER DESIRE FOR YOU AND HAD HER NOSE CHOPPED OFF. DURVASA CAME EXPECTING A SUMPTUOUS MEAL AND FELT FULL EVEN BEFORE HE HAD EATEN,” CRIES THE POET IN DESPAIR. SRI RAMA IS EVEN ACCUSED OF BEING A CHEAT! “O, YES! HE PREACHES WELL. BUT HIS FAME AS ONE WHO GRANTS BOONS AND PROTECTS HIS DEVOTEES ARE ALL EMPTY WORDS.” (‘VARIJANAYANUDA’ – KEDARAGOWLA). AND MORE DIRECTLY, “YOU SAY SO MANY CONTRADICTORY THINGS. WHAT CAN I DO? YOU ARE LIKE THE ONE WHO ROCKS THE BABY AND PINCHES IT AS WELL!” (‘ATLA PALUKUTHU’ – ATANA). THERE ARE MANY MORE SUCH GEMS IN THE OCEAN OF TYAGARAJA’S SONGS THAT BRING A SMILE TO ONE’S LIPS. THE DEVOTEE IS IN SUCH TOTAL COMMUNION WITH HIS CHOSEN LORD AND LIKE A FOND MOTHER, LOVING WIFE AND INTIMATE FRIEND DOES NOT SEE THE NEED TO HAVE ANY RESERVATION IN EXPRESSING HIS EMOTIONS OF THE MOMENT. THE DEVOTEE-GOD RELATIONSHIP IS AS MUCH SACRED AS IT IS PERSONAL. SUCH IS THE TEXTURE OF A HINDU DEVOTEE’S LOVE FOR HIS PERSONAL GOD THAT THEY ARE ALMOST ONE. IS THIS KIND OF UNINHIBITED LOVE, A PREREQUISITE FOR THE ULTIMATE REALISATION OF ONE BEING DIVINITY ITSELF, AFFIRMING AN ADVAITIC STATE?
Om Sri Sai Ram Monday’s Parayan There lived a devotee by name Ram Gir Bua, Whom Baba used to address as Bapugir with affection. One day Bapu Gir wanted to go to his village. When he went to seek Baba’s permission, Baba gave him a piece of paper in which there was an arati written and packet of Udi (sacred ash) and asked him to first go to Jamnagar and hand over the arati and the udi to one Nana Saheb Chandorkar. Ram Gir Bua told Baba that he had just enough money to go upto Jalgaon, to which Baba assured him that arrangements will be made for him to go to Jamnagar on his getting down at Jalgaon. When Ramgir Bua got down at Jalgaon man on a horse cart came and asked who was Ramgir Bua from Shridi and also informed Bapugir that he has been sent by Nana Saheb. The man took Bapugir on the tonga to Jamnagar. On reaching the entry point of Jamnagar Bapugir got down to attend nature’s call and whene returned he found that neither the tonga not the cart man was there. Bapugir went to the local court and got Nana Saheb’s address and went to his house to deliver the Udi and the arati. At that time Nana Saheb’s daughter was in labour and she was in a serious condition. On receiving the udi and arati from Bapugir, Nana Sahib immediately called his wife and asked asked her to mix the udi with water and give it to their daughter Naina tai. After giving the udi mixed with water, all of them recited the arati. To everyone’s relief the delivery of the baby was smooth and thus Nainatai came out of the difficult situation. Bapugir thanked Nana Saheb for sending the tonga to the station, to which Nana sahib replied that he did not send any body or any tonga to the station. On hearing this both Bapugir and Nanasaheb recognized this as Baba’s leela. One devotee by name Bala Bua Sutar saw a picture of Baba at his friend’s place and prostrated before the picture. Thereafter after some years when he went in person to see Sai Baba, Baba told that the other devotees present that he has known Bala Bua for the last four years. Bala Bua remembered that it was fours ago when he had seen the picture at his friend’s place and had bowed before it. Through this episode Baba conveyed that seeing his picture is like seeing him in person. A devotee who had undergone surgery but not relieved of his malady was brought to the masjid and the parents of the devotee were very worried. Baba took pity on them and told them that he who ever sets his feet at the Dawrakamai will be cured. He said the masjid is Dwarkamai who gives happiness and health to all who come there. The Dwarkamai is very considerate and compassionate, Baba said. He asked the parents to apply Udi on the wound and it healed within some time. A great devotee of Baba, Sriman Pillay suffered from ulcer in one of his feet and he told Baba that he is prepared to take ten more births if he were freed of the terrible pain in this birth. To which Baba told him not to worry and told that he will be cured of his malady within ten days as crow will come and peck his ulcerated feet. While Baba was telling this one Abdulla who was cleaning the masjid unknowingly stamped the feet of Pillay, no sooner he did that seven guinea worms came out of the ulcer of Pillay and he started crying in pain. Soon he felt the pain gone from his feet and he became calm. Baba asked him to use the Udi on his wound and within ten days Sriman Pillay found himself cured. Baba had lovingly referred to Abdullah as the crow who would peck at Sriman Pilay’s feet. One person from Bandra was having vision of his dead father whenever he went to sleep and who used to scold him in his vision, was given Udi by Baba and was asked to keep the same under his pillow. This person was soon cured of visions that troubled him in sleep. Balaji Patil used to come to Shridi after every harvest and used to offer all the produce to Baba.. He would carry back whatever was returned to him and he used to feed his family with that. He used to sweep the street through which Baba walked. One day there was Bhagwat discourse in his house and he invited many people. It was found that there were three times more number of people than invited and Balaji Patil’s family was worried that the food prepared may not be enough to feed all the guests. Balaji’s mother asked his wifeo put some Udi in all the eatables before distribution and keep them covered. After all the guests were fed, Balajis’ family found , that there was food left. Balaji Patil’s knew that this was the miracle of Udi from Baba. Baba used to distribute Udi as Prasad to his devotees and he would apply some on the forehead of devotees. Whenever was in a pleasant mood he would sing “please bring sack full of Udi and praise the lord Ram for the same.” Balaram Mankar became dejected after his wife’s death and after handing over all his responsibilities his son, he came to Shridi, Baba advised him to go to Manchindergad and to do meditation there in order to get peace. While at Machindrgad, Baba appeared before Balaram Mankar and said that his body of three and half cubits was there in Shridi, he could be present anywhere. Through this Baba conveyed that devotees could have the comfort of Baba’s presence wherever they be. Once a sick tiger was brought to Shridi and taken to the masjid. Baba advised the owners to immediately release the tiger from chains. The tiger dragged itself to where Baba was sitting, moved its tail thrice and fell to the ground dead Is said whoever dies in the presence of a Mahatma attains salvation in his life. Once two friends from Goa came to Shridi and Baba asked one of them to give Rs.15/- as dakshina, the other friend who was watching wanted to give Rs 35/- but Baba refused. The devotee then told people present there that he had lost around Rs.35000/-. His cook who had stolen it returned it apologizing for his deed. The devotee said that all this was due to the grace of Baba. The devotee’s friend said he had got a job with Baba’s grace. He had started with a salary of Rs.15/- which gradually rose to Rs,700/-. He had vowed to offer Baba Rs.15/- as Dakshina once he got job, so now Baba had helped him remember and fulfill his vow by asking for Rs.15/- as dakshina. A couple in Aurangabad was childless and they came to Baba seeking his blessing for a child. Shama, Baba’s devotee insisted that Baba bless the couple with a child. Baba gave a coconut to the couple and blessed them, after some the couple had a child. When the infant was 5 months old the couple brought the child to Shirdi and thanked Baba for the blessings. Sai Baba would sleep at the masjid and the Chavdi on alternate days. After some time this ritual began to celebrated in a big way and was called the Chavdi Utsav. Many people joined the Chavdi procession where Baba was carried in a palanquin, from the masjid to Chavdi. At the chavdi , Baba would make his own bed and sleep., Devotees are requested to remember the Chavdi procession every day before going to bed. Om Sri Samarth Sadguru Sai Nath Maharaj Ki Jai. Baba, my prostrations to you at your feet. With your blessings I could complete the Parayan for Monday. Please bless my family and friends with long life, health, wealth and peace. Please bless me with your remembrance always. Om Satguru Sainathay Namah. Om Shanti Shanti Shanti.
Om Sri Sai Ram Tuesday’s Parayan B V Dev, Thasildar of Dahnu, was a great devotee of Baba. Once his mother had observed a fast and on the concluding day wanted to feed some people. B V Dev sent an invitation to Sri Sai Baba on his mother’s behalf, to which Baba replied that he would come for the feast with two of his disciples. On the day of the feast BV Dev and his family waited for Baba to come and while they were anxiously waiting a Sanyasi with two of his disciples arrived and sought permission of B V Dev to take part in the feast. Mr Dev warmly welcomed them into house and served them food. After the guests left partaking of the delicious food prepared by B V Dev’s family, B V Dev wrote a letter to Bapu Sahib Jog at Shirdi saying Baba did not keep his promise and never came for the feast with his disciples. Bapu Saheb Jog conveyed B V Dev’s message to Baba to which Baba replied that he did visit B V Dev’s home with two of his disciples but Dev did not recognize them. On hearing this from Bapu Sahib Jog realized it was Baba who had visited his house in the garb of a Sanyasi. B V Dev felt regretted not having recognized Baba. Once Hemandpant had a dream that Baba was coming to his house to partake in the feast. It was the day of Holi and there were guests for lunch at Hemandpant’s house. As the guests sat down for lunch, Hemandpant and his wife reserved a place for Baba in expectation of his visit. The guests were being served lunch when there was a knock on the door. At the door were Muhammed and Mouland and they were carrying a picture of Baba which they gave to Hemandpant. Hemandpant’s joy knew no bounds and he joyfully took the the picture and placed it where he and his wife had reserved a place for Baba. Hemandpant and his wife offered a plate with all the delicacies prepared for the feast to the picture of Baba. Thus Baba kept his promise of coming to Hemandpant’s house for Lunch made through a dream. Every day Sai Baba would visit about three or four few houses in Shirdi asking for food. He would collect all the food in a tin, would eat a little and give all of the rest to people in need of food. Whenever he felt like doing Anna daan he would go to the market and buy some rice and spices. He would then cook the rice and spices in a big vessel on a open hearth and would feed the poor with his own hands. Once Nana Saheb Chandorkar was reciting a verse from the Bhagwad Gita while he was washing Baba’s feet when Baba asked for the explanation of the shloka. Nana sahib was unable to properly explain the meaning of the Shloka so Baba explained the shloka. The devotees and Nana Sahib who heard Baba’s explanation were surprised to learn about Baba’s knowledge of Sanskrit . Once a millionaire devotee of Shri Sai Baba, Sriman Bapu Saheb Buti and Shama had a vision in which Baba appeared and asked them to build a temple. Soon Shri Buti with the blessings of Sai Baba started building a temple. While the construction was underway Sriman Buti wanted to install an idol of Murlidhar, to which Baba consented. Before the idol could be installed Baba left his mortal coil and his devotees built his Samadhi where the idol of Muralidhar was to be installed. One day in 1916 Baba was very agitated and he declared that it was the day for Simhalogan. It was a while before he calmed down. In 1918, Ramachandra Patil, a devotee of Baba became very ill, Baba went to him and assured him that his death warrant was taken away and he will soon become all right. Baba, however, was concerned about the health of Tatya Patil and feared that he would soon leave the world. Baba thereafter informed some of his devotees in strict confidence that he will pass away on the Vijaya Dasami day. The two devotees who knew this were Ramchandra Patil and Bala Shilpi. As prophesied by Baba, Patil became all right. In 1918 Baba had fever for three days from 28th September and he asked Shri Vajey to read the Ram Vijayi grantha for some days. One day the boy who would clean the area where Baba used to sit dropped the brick which Baba had been using for several years during his meditation. When the brick broke Baba remarked that something that was dear to him had parted and it was now impossible for him to live. Three days before Vijaya Dasami Baba stopped going out for alms and at the same Tatya became seriously ill. Seeing this both Patil and Shilpi feared that the death of Tatya was nearing. However on Vijaya Dasami day Tatya became all right and Baba left his mortal coil at 2.30pm on 15th October 1918. The mortal remains of Baba was interred in the temple which was built for Muralidhar, thus Baba became Muralidhar. Tatya completely recovered and all devotees realized that Baba had given up his life to keep Tatya Patil alive. A day after Baba’s passing away, it was a Wednesday, Baba appeared in the dream of Lakshman Mama Joshi and instructed him to do the puja and arati. Baba also appeared in the dream of Das Ganu and asked him to come to the masjid and decorate the place with flowers. Both Joshi and Das Ganu followed the instructions of Baba and did the pooja and arati as per the usual schedule. In 1886, 32 years before Baba’s Samadhi, on Marrishi poornima day, Baba called Mahasalpati and told him that he would leave this world for three days and that Mahasalpati should preserve his body for the next three days and after the third day, if he did not come back, he should be buried opposite the masjid. He requested that a Samadhi be constructed and two flags be hoisted there. As he was saying this Baba left his mortal coil and put his head on Mahasalpati’s lap. As advised by Baba, Mahasalpati looked after the Body for three days without sleep and food and on the third day Baba woke up from his unconscious state to life as if he was waking up from deep sleep. This proved that Sai Baba was an immortal soul. Om Sri Samarth Sadguru Sai Nath Maharaj Ki Jai. Dear Baba my prostration to you at your feet. With your blessings I could complete the Parayan for Tuesday. Please bless me and the people around me with good health and prosperity. Bless me with the Prasad of your daily remembrance. Om Satguru Sainathay Namah. Om Shanti Shanti Shanti.
Saint Thyagaraja was an extraordinary Carnatic Music composer and a devotee of Sri Rama of highest order. His contruibutions to Carnatic Music, the classical music of South India are immense, so much so, that he was considered as one of the three personalities (known as thr trinity of Carnatic Music) responsible for the growth and spread of Carnatic Music. He made unique contributions to the cultural growth of South India and even today his compositions (kritis) are very popular among the students and lovers of South Indian classical music. He had composed several Kritis in various raghas. Saint Thyagaraja was born in Tiruvarur in the Thanjavur District on 27th Chaitra, Srvajit, a Sukla Saptami corresponding to 4th May, 1767 according to one tradition and 1759 according to another tradition and named after the presiding deity (Lord Thyagaraja) of that temple town. The name THYAGA-RAJA means the ‘Prince of Renunciation’. Thyagarajar was born as the third son of Ramabrahmam whose family profession was story telling (Katha Kalashepem) and a distinguished exponent of Ramayana who was patronised by the King of Thanjavur. His mother was Seethamma, the daughter of the asthana vidwan Veena Kalahastayya. The bulwark of a great culture, the Vijayanagara Empire fell at the end of the 16th Century. The invasion from the North brought in its wake. Quite a few Hindu families had to flee to southern areas which were still peaceful. Many found shelter under the benign rule of the Nayakas and the Maratha Kings of Tamilnadu. Particularly, a number of Telugu families went to South and formed nuclei of art and culture and Thyagaraja’s ancestors belonged to one such stock, as he describes himself as descending from a family of immigrant Vaidiga Brahmins of the Muriginadu sect belonging to Kakarla family (Kakarla is a village in the Kurnool District of Andhra). They moved to Tamil Nadu Country during the Vijayanagar period in early 1600’s. Very soon after the birth of the saint, the family shifted to Thiruvaiyaru. The king of Tanjavur had gifted a house to him in this village and here Thyagaraja not only spent the major part of his life but also attained samadhi. Saint Thyagarajar completed the study of Sanskrit and Telugu and mastered Valmiki Ramayanam and other religious literatures. His mother had a collection of the Purandaradasa and taught them to her son. He was thus introduced to the Sangita Pitamaha at a very early age and worishipped him as his adiguru. His precocity in music could not escape the notice of his father who put him under the tutelage of the court musician Sonti Venkataramanayya at the age of 16. Thyagaraja absorbed all that the guru could teach him within a year. After that he was on his own, perfecting his technique by immersing himself in the study of musicology from various treatises. Since from the age of 17, he started singing small kritis. He also showed a flair for composing music and while in his teens composed his first song Namo Namo Raghavaya in Desikatodi and inscribed it on the walls of the house. He studied NARADIAM a treatise on music which he got from his grand father, Giri Raja Kavi. In 1784, when he was 18 years, he married Parvathi. In 1785 at the royal court of Pudukottai Ramachandira Thontaiman, Thyagaraja had sung in Jothiswararupeni raga. In 1787, when Thyagaraja was 21 his father Ramabrahmam passed away. In 1787 at his age of 21, he got spiritual initiation into “Rama Shadakshari” mantra from a saint called Ramakrishnananda. In 1789, when he was 23 years old, his wife, Parvathi passed away. He married her sister Kamala in 1790. He had a daughter called Seethalakshmi. In 1802, his guru, Sonti Venkataramanayya arranged for his arangetram where the vidwands of the palace were assembled. Thyagaraja sang his own composition, Dorakuna ituvanti in Bilahari. The song starts by asking, ‘It is possible to get darshan of Hari?’. At the end of the recital his guru, overwhelmed with emotion at his shishya’s performance. Thayagara’s fame as a composer of music was spreading fast. On hearing about him, King Sarabhoji II invited Thyagaraja to the palace to sing before him and also offered him the position of samasthana vidwan at the durbar. But Thyagaraja, who was very clear about his mission in life, refused and declined the offer. Thyagaraja’s reputation as an outstanding musician and composer was due to his desire to compose only to serve Rama and not any human being. In the presence of leading musicians he was asked to sing at Thiruvaiyaru and Thanjavur on two occasions. His mudra is ‘Thyagaraja’. In 1804 at his age of 37, his mother, Seethamma passed way. Thyagaraja was constantly repeating the Rama Shadakshari mantra over 21 years and he completed in 1808 chanting 96 crores of Rama Nama. In 1810, Thyagaraja’s daughter seethalakshmi was given in marriage to Kuppuswami. Thyagaraja’s disciple Walajapettai Vekataramana Bhaagavatar brought a painting of Kothandarama, walking all the way from Walajapettai to Thiruvaiyaru and offered it to his guru. Seethalakshmi and Kuppuswami begot a boy who was named Thyagaraja who died issueless; thus came to an end the direct lineage of the composer. In 1827, at the age 60, he celebrated Sastiaptha Purthi. In 1839 during the month of April, he visited Tirupati, but when he went to the temple, it was closed. In sadness, he sang “Teratiyagaraadaa” and the temple officials gathered round in admiration when they saw the door opening by itself and the screen falling aside. He sang “VenkaTEsha ninu sEvimpa” in his happiness at seeing the Lord. While returning to Thiruvaiyaru, he visited Chennai-Kovur, where he composed Kovur Pancharatna during his stay with Kovur Sundara Mudaliar. Later he composed Thiruvetriyur Pancharatna while he was staying with Veena Kuppier. At the invitation of his disciple LaalguDi Raamayya, he composed the Laalgudi Pancharatna. He also composed the Shreeranga Pancharatna in praise of Ranganaata of Shreerangam and 5 kritis in praise of Sage Naarada. On completion of this spiritual tour he reached Thiruvaiyaru at the end of October, 1839. In 1841, Gopalakrishna Bharathi visited Thyagaraja at his residence in Thiruvaiyaru. The Ghana Pancharatina Kriti, ‘Endaro mahanubhavulu..’ was composed when Chatkalam Govindamaarar visited him in 1843. It was said that Lord Rama appeared before him on 27-12-1846 in his dream and offered him Motsa after 10 days. Next day he revealed this to his disciples and relatives during ‘Egadesi Bhajanai’. Accordingly everyone believed that 6-1-1847 would be the day when he was excepted to become Mukdhi. The Saint took to Sanyasa on 5-1-1847 when he felt the premonition of his approaching end to his mortal life and called himself Nadha Premmananther. He attained Siddhi on the Pushya Bahula Panchami day in the year Parabhava 1847 A.D. (6-1-1847). His mortal remains were interred at a spot on the left bank of the river Cauvery at Thiruvaiyaru with the honor and religious rites due to a Sanyasi. A brindavan consisting of a conventional brick structure and Thulasi plant was put up. Saint Thyagaraja is stated to have composed several Kritis. Two plays of him of Yakshagana type are available now. He had employed over 200 raghas. The Pancharatna Kritis are the most representative of Saint Thyagaraja’s art as a composer. The Divyanama and Utsava Samprathaya Kritis composed by him are melodies. Though an ardent Ramabakthi he was, Saint Thyagaraja had also sung in praise of other deities as well. To him music was Nadopasana. The vanity of wealth or the pomp of power never tempted him.
I belong to no nation, no civilization, no society, no race, but to the Divine. I obey no master, no rules, no law, no social convention, but the Divine. To Him I have surrendered all, will, life and self; for Him I am ready to give all my blood, drop by drop, if such is His will, with complete joy, and nothing in his service can be sacrifice, for all is perfect delight.” – The Mother Originally named Mirra Alfassa, the Mother was born in Paris on 21 February 1878. She was the daughter of Maurice Alfassa, a banker (born in Adrianople, Turkey in 1843) and Mathidle Ismaloun (born in Alexandria, Egypt in 1857). Maurice, his wife and his son, Matteo (born in Alexandria in 1876), emigrated from Egypt to France in 1877, one year before Mirra’s birth. Her early education was given at home. Around 1892 she attended a studio to learn drawing and painting, and later studied at the Paris Salon. Concerning her early spiritual life, the Mother has written: “Between 11 and 13 a series of psychic and spiritual experiences revealed to me not only the existence of God but man’s possibility of uniting with Him, of realising Him integrally in consciousness and action, of manifesting Him upon earth in a life divine.” In her late twenties the Mother voyaged to Tlemcen, Algeria, where she studied occultism for two years with a Polish adept, Max Theon, and his wife. Returning to Paris in 1906, she founded her first group of spiritual seekers. She gave many talks to various groups in Paris between 1911 and 1913. The Mother, PondicherryAt the age of thirty-six the Mother journeyed to Pondicherry, India, to meet Sri Aurobindo. She saw him on 29 March 1914 and at once recognised him as the one who for many years had inwardly been guiding her spiritual development. Staying for eleven months, she was obliged to return to France because of the First World War. She lived in France for about a year and then in Japan for almost four years. On 24 April 1920 she returned to Pondicherry to resume her collaboration with Sri Aurobindo, and remained here for the rest of her life. At that time a small group of disciples had gathered around Sri Aurobindo. The increase of disciples led to the founding of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram on the 24th Nov, 1926. From the beginning Sri Aurobindo entrusted the Mother with full material and spiritual charge of the Ashram. After almost 50 years of work at every level, the Mother left her body on 17th Nov. 1973, at the age of ninety five.
On the day of Karadaiyan Nonbu, women worship Goddess Gowri and pray for longevity and welfare of their husband. Through this festival women try to emulate the devotion of Savithri and her love for her husband, Satyavan. Her bhakti to Goddess Gowri gave her the strength and wisdom to win back her husband’s life from Yaman, the Lord of Death. Among the many festivals of South India, Karadaiyan Nonbu is more a renewal of the faith in the tradition. Customs & Rituals Karadaiyan Nonbu is observed on the day of the conjunction of the Tamil months Masi and Panguni. It is to remember the great battle won by Savithri – a mythological character – over the God of Death – Yama, not by arms or ammunitions but by her clever arguments to regain her husband’s life. Married women observe fast till the auspicious time arrives, whether it is late evening or mid afternoon. Regional Celebrations of Karadaiyan Nonbu Karadaiyan Nonbu is a festival of special significance to married women all over Southern India including states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. The Karva Chauth The fast of Karva Chauth is kept by Hindu women for the well-being, prosperity and longevity of their husbands. The origin of this festival is based upon a very sweet and noble idea. In earlier times, girls would get married at a very young age, and had to go and live with their in-laws in other villages far away from their own parents. If she had any problems with her husband or in-laws, she would have no one to talk to or seek support from. Thus, there grew a custom where the bride would befriend another woman to share her joys and sorrows. Their friendship would be sanctified through a small Hindu ceremony right during the marriage. Once the bride and the woman became god-friends or god-sisters as they are commonly known, they would remain so all their lives and recognize the relation as such. They would also treat each other like real sisters.After becoming friends, they would share all their joys, sorrows and problems with each other. Thus, Karva Chauth started as a festival to celebrate this friendship (relationship) between the brides and their god-friends (god-sisters). Praying and fasting for the sake of husband came later and was secondary. It was probably added, along with other mythical tales, to enhance the festival. In any case, the husband would always be associated with this festival, because the day of starting this holy friendship between two god-sisters was essentially the day of bride’s marriage to him. Thus, praying and fasting for him by his wife during the celebration of her relationship with the god-friend would be quite logical.
This is a one of my friend’s friend’s visit to Kedarnath and his summary of the visit.The Samadhi of Sri Adi Sankaracharya is supposed to be there in Kedarnath, you will find the statue of Sri Sankara in the photograph presnted here in the blog. 8th Jyotirlinga- Kedareshwar As usual, click on any of the above pictures to see the larger view or to save them to your computer. Today, we will be visiting the very famous kedarnath temple which is one of the holiest Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva and is located atop the Garhwal Himalayan range near the Mandakini river in Kedarnath, Uttarakhand in India Beautiful Sunrise at Kedarnath : Due to extreme weather conditions, the temple is open only between the end of April to start of November. Here god Shiva is worshipped as Kedarnath, the ‘Lord of Kedar Khand’, the historical name of the region Built in 8th Century AD, The Kedarnath shrine, one of the 12 jyotirlings of Lord Shiva, is a scenic spot situated, against the backdrop of the majestic Kedarnath range There are more than hundreds shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva in region, the most important one is Kedarnath. According to legend, the Pandavas after having won over the Kauravas in the Kurukshetra war, felt quilty of having killed their own relative and sought the blessings of Lord Shiva Moksh. At the end of their life, the Pandavas decided to give up their kingdom and go to the Himalayas and meditate on their favourite deity, Lord Shiva. So they set out accompanied by their wife, Draupadi. When they reached the place called Rudraprayag, they thought they had a glimpse of Lord Shiva. They tried to chase him but he took on the form of a buffalo and dashed off towards the north. They followed in hot pursuit and eventually caught up with him at the place that is now known as Kedarnath. The Lord now dived into the earth. Only the hind portion of the buffalo was sticking out. This was caught by one of the brothers called, Bhima. But pull as he might, he couldn’t get the rest of the buffalo out of the ground. The hump now turned into a Shiva Lingam and remained at this place. Each of the other parts appeared at four other places and came to be collectively known as the Panch Kedars or the five Kedars. All these lie in the Garwal Himalayas in the modern state known as Uttranchal As a matter of fact, as one enters the main temple, the first hall contains statues of the five Pandava brothers, Lord Krishna, Nandi, the vehicle of Shiva and Virabhadra, one of the greatest guards of Shiva. An unusual feature of the temple is the head of a man carved in the triangular stone fascia of the temple. Such a head is seen carved in another temple nearby constructed on the site where the the marriage of Shiva and Parvati was held. The spire of the Kedarnath Temple with the Kedarnath Mountain in the background. The temple is devoted to Siva. Gaurikund to Kedarnath trail : The actual temple, an impressive stone edifice of unknown date, is accessible only after a steep 14 km walk (horses or palanquins are available for rent). The most remote of the four Char Dham sites, Kedarnath is flanked by breathtaking snow-capped peaks. This is a part of 14km trek from Gourikund to Kedarnath. Beautiful trek towards Kedarnath This is the beautiful trek towards the Kedarnath temple. The Holy river Mandakini accompanies the trekkers throughout the tough, but rewarding journey. The trail to Kedarnath, part of the Char Dham pilgrimage through the Indian Himalayas. On the way to Ramwara to reach reach Kedarnath Path from Ramwara to Garur Chatti – On way to Kedarnath Garur Chatti : Let us all pray at this sacred temple for all our loved ones The last phase of journey to Shri Kedarnath. The awesome majesty of Kedarnath is first experienced at this place, ca. 1.5 kms from Kedarnath. Kedarnath (11,753 ft.) is sacred for a temple to the god Shiva, in his form as Kedarnath (the “Lord of Kedar”). The snow on the peaks behind never melts. Besides its affiliation with Shiva, Kedarnath is also believed to be the site of Sankaracaraya’s samadhi (achievement of beatified afterlife). Samadhi of Adi Shankaracharya at Kedarnath Kedarnath temple door Kedarnath temple shikhar A Saadhu , who is all immersed in his daily pooja (ritual to worship Lord Shiva) just in front the famous Kedarnath temple in Uttaranchal Nandi – Bull of Lord Shiva guarding the doors at Kedarnath temple Kedarnath Lingam- My heartfelt pranams to this form of Lord Shiva. I thank him for all the happiness and blessings that He has showered upon me and I pray to Him to forgive me and all His devotees for all the sins and bad karmas that we have done out of our sheer stupidity. This is one of the demons guarding a small temple with a hot spring in Kedarnath. Amrit kund behind Kedarnath temple – Eshaneshwar temple inside the Kedarnath temple complex – Panch Kedar (Sanskrit: पंचकेदार) refers to five Hindu temples or holy places of the Shaivite sect dedicated to god Shiva. They are located in the Garhwa Himalayan region in Uttarakhand, India. They are the subject of many legends that directly link their creation to Pandavas, the heroes of the Hindu epic Mahabharata The five temples designated in the strict pecking order to be followed for pilgrimage for worship are the Kedarnath (Sanskrit: केदारनाथ) at an altitude of 3,583 m (11,760 ft), the Tungnath (तुंगनाथ)(3,680 m/12,100 ft), Rudranath (रुद्रनाथ) (2,286 m/7,500 ft), Madhyamaheshwar (मध्यमहेश्वर) or Madmaheshwar (3,490 m/11,500 ft) and Kalpeshwar (कल्पेश्वर) (2,200 m/7,200 ft). Kedarnath – 1st Panch Kedar Kedarnath, at the head of the Mandakini River, is amongst the holiest pilgrimages for the devout Hindu. The temple, believed to be very ancient, has been continually renovated over the centuries. The lingam at Kedarnath, unlike its usual form, is pyramidal and is regarded as one of the 12 Jyotirlingas. Situated at an altitude of 3,581 mts. Kedar is another name of Lord Shiva the protector and the destroyer. Shiva, is considered the embodiment of all passions-love, hatred, fear, death and mysticism that are expressed through his various forms Kalpa Vriksha (Jyotir Math) – wish fulfilling tree of this age. The first Shankaracharya (Adhi Shankara) attained enlightenment under this tree at the age of 16 Valley of flowers Trishul Nandi Devi (7816 meters) Chaukamba Devi Rudraprayag Bhagirathi Tungnath – 2nd Panch Kedar [ On the way to Tungnath temple] Set on the crest of a hill at an altitude of 3,886 meters, Tungnath is the highest temple in India. Legend has it that the arm of Shiva appeared here. Ravana, of the Ramayana, is said to have performed penance at this temple to propitiate Shiva. The high altitude temple is a Seat of Swyambhu Linga or the Lord Shiva Incarnate. The temple, one of the Panchakedars or one of the five Shiva temples, is situated in Chamoli district of the Uttarakhand region. Final steps to reach the Tungstan temple Rear view of the Tungnath temple The mythology has it that Lord Shiva was enraged at the act of homicide enacted by the Pandavas by killing their brethren in the grand battle of Mahabharata. Aware of Shiva’s annoyance, the Pandavas built the temple to please Lord Shiva and for their own salvation. Others claim that the Adi Shankaracharya during his historic visit to the region had got it built. They cite the presence of Adi Shankaracharya’s image in the garbha-griha or the sanctum of the temple. However, it also houses images of the Pandavas. Besides, the ashtadhatu images of Kaal Bhairava and Veda Vyasa are among the multitude of images there. A dark left-tilting one-foot high linga is the centre of attraction. The locals describe it as an arm of Lord Shiva. The arm of Lord Shiva is also associated with a legend. Tunganath Temple at 12,400 Ft Other temples Built of stone, this temple is a fine model of ancient architecture. Facing the gate of the temple is Nandi, the Divine Bull and Shiva’s vehicle. There are two smaller temples dedicated to Parvati and Vyas in a small courtyard. The temple of Tungnath, at a little over 12, 000 feet, is the highest shrine on the inner Himalayan range. It lies just below the Chandrashila peak My Heartfelt pranams to Lord Shiva in Tungnath temple Path to Rudranath Temple-14 300 Ft Rudranath – 3rd Pancha Kedar The face of Lord Shiva is worshipped at Rudranath temple in a natural rock temple as Neelkantha Mahadeva. Lord Shiva is worshipped here as Neelkantha. The temple is situated amid thick forest at a height 2286 mtrs. From Gopeshwar 4 kms drivable road is available upto village Sagar from where 20 kms. trek leads to Rudranath and can be approached from Joshimath as well, by trekking about 45 kms. The temple provides magnificent view of Hathi Parvat , Nandadevi, NandaGhunti, Trishuli and many other. There are numbers of holy Kunds (Tanks) near Rudranath temple namely Suryakund, Chandrakund, Tarakund etc. The Baitarini, the divine river flows pass behind the temple. Anusuya Devi temple is located on the trek to Rudranath involving an additional trek of 3km. Rudranath shrine : This is the only temple in India where the image of Shiva is worshipped as a symbol of his face, a sublime, tender aspect of Shiva, unusual, serene and beautiful indeed to behold.Devotees come to Rudranath to offer ritual obeisance to their ancestors, for it is here, at Vaitarani river (the water of salvation), that the souls of the dead cross when changing world. Guptakashi temple:Kashi is the old name for Varanasi and “gupta” means secret or hidden. Guptakashi has an ancient temple of Shiva and derives its name from the fact that this is the place where Shiva is supposed to have hidden himself when the Pandavas chased him. At this place he disappeared and hid himself in a cave. Hence this place is known as Guptakashi or the “hidden Kashi”. Entrance to kalimath.Kalimath is situated close to Ukhimath, and Guptakashi. It is one of the “Siddha Peeths” of the region and is held in high religious esteem. The temple of Goddess Kali located here is visited by a large number of devotees round the year and specially during the “Navratras”. My heartfelt pranams to the idol at Kailmath temple Chandi Devi Temple : Legend goes that the Goddess Chandi Devi was sitting on a rock, combing her hair when two demons that were the servitors of the two brothers Shumba and Nishumba saw her and were totally captivated by her intoxicating beauty. They ran back to their masters and reported the matter to them. The whole story is narrated in the Devi Mahatmyam. The rock on which she was sitting is close to this temple. Ransi temple on the way to Madhyamaheshwar Ransi temple on the way to Madhyamaheshwar Madhyamaheshwar–4th Pancha Kedar Nandi Kund The stomach of Shiva is believed to have emerged at Madmaheshwar. The temple of Madmaheshwar is located at an altitude of 3,289 m. above sea level, on the slope of a ridge, 25 km northeast of Guptakashi. There is a motorable road from Guptakashi to Kalimath. The best statue of Har Gauri in India measuring over a metre high is found in the Kali temple. The trek from Kalimath to Madmaheshwar is distinguished by wild unparalleled scenic beauty and engulfed by Chaukhamba, Kedarnath and Neelkanth peaks. Gaundar at the confluence of Madmaheshwar Ganga and Markanga Ganga, is the last settlement before one reaches Madmaheshwar. Located at the base of Chaukhamba peak at an altitude of 3289 m the classic temple architecture belongs to the North-Indian style. So sanctified is the water here that even a few drops are considered sufficient for ablution. The natural scenery is dramatically wild, with deep gorges & valleys, mountain sides flung upwards towards the skies, the forests where the snow lies thick in winter, only to be replaced by a carpet of greenery in the summer. Kedarnath & Neelkanth peaks are visible from here, the entire ring of mountains associated with the life & times of Shiva. The confluence of Madmaheshwar Ganga just short of the temple, is one of the prettiest spots in the region. Har-Parvati at Madhyamaheshwara Lord Shiva-(Dakshina murti) at Madhyamaheshwara Kalpeshwar –5th Pancha Kedar [On the way] The hardier tourist may like to trek about 35 km to Kalpeshwar, where the locks (hair) and head, of Lord Shiva are worshipped as JATADHAR. Located in Urgam Valley at an altitude of 2,134 m. above sea level, the temple is a further 10 km trek from Rudranath to Helong, the motor head on Rishikesh-Badrinath route. The small rock temple of Kalpeshwar is where the Hair appeared. Short of Kalpeshwar is the picturesque valley of Urgam. It is a favorite location of meditating sages. Legend has it that the sage Arghya had performed austerities here and created the nymph, Urvashi. Rishi Durvasa is also believed to have meditated here under the wish-fulfilling tree, Kalpavriksha. The sage had given Kunti the boon that she could invoke any of the forces of nature and they would appear before her and grant whatever she desired. Known for his quick temper, Rishi Durvasa is often recalled in context of the incident when, along with several disciples, he visited Kunti’s sons, while they were in exile. He indicated that he and his disciples expected food. There was not a grain to cook. Lord Krishna who appeared and miraculously solved the problem answered an anxious Draupadi’s prayers My Heart felt pranams to the Panch kedars.May lord Shiva always guide us to the path that will lead us to his sacred feet.
Birth of Lord Krishna Janmashtami is celebrated to welcome and enjoy Lord Krishna’s birth. The birth of Lord Krishna took place when the various planets were in auspicious places. It is said that God chooses a particular time, as to when he will take birth as a human and the planetary systems are adjusted accordingly. Auspicious Nakshatra (Constellation) Around the time of Bhagwan Krishna’s birth, Rohini Nakshatra was predominant as it is considered to be quite auspicious. This is so because it is under the supervision of Brahma, the creator of Universe. Sri Krishna was born in the month Of Sravana more than 5000 years ago. Born in Dwapur Yug (Iron Age) According to some scholars, Krishna was born on Wednesday,the eighth day of second fortnight in Sravana month in the year of Visvavasu around 3227 BC, also known as Dwapur Yug. July 19th 3228 BC to be more accurate. He lived for 125 years and disappeared on February 18th 3102 BC on the new moon night of Phalguna. His death was the onset of the current corrupt age known as Kaliyug. Universal Happiness of all Forms of Life From the time, Devki conceived Sri Krishna, she began to glow and exude divine light. The prison walls glowed with the aura of the new born infant. Atmosphere of peace and happiness prevailed all over, Forests were all green and full of trees with all kinds of beautiful flowers, rivers were all swollen due to joy, peacocks began to dance in sheer joy, people in all villages started being happy. Objective of Krishna’s Birth The main objective of Lord Krishna’s birth was to free Mother Earth from the wickedness of demons. Playing an important part in Mahabharata (legendary battle in Kurukshetra) and propagating the theory of bhakti and good karma were other important objectives. Events Before The Birth of Sri Krishna The people of Mathura were extremely unhappy with the wicked king Kansa who put his father, king Ugrasen in prison and declared himself the king of Mathura. It was to put an end to his evil ways and other demons that Lord Vishnu decided to take birth on Earth in human form. According to Akashvani (heavenly voice) at the wedding of his beloved sister Devki, Kansa got to know that the eighth child of his sister will take birth to kill him. So, in turn he rushed to kill his sister. Kansa gave up the idea of killing after being assured by Vasudev that he will handover all his children to him. He put them in Prison. Kansa killed all the six infants as soon as they were born. The seventh child (Balram) was saved due to divine intervention, when he was transferred from Devki’s womb to that of Rohini’s (other wife of Vasudev). Events During the Birth of Lord Krishna Lord Krishna was born in a prison cell in the captivity of King Kansa. He took birth in divine form with lotus like eyes,his palms bearing the signs of a lotus and discus. He had a swastika sign on his sole. Wearing a yellow colored silk cloth, adorned with precious diamond earrings and a crown made of emeralds. Soon after the birth, a chain of events astonished Vasudev,when he saw the gates of the cell flow open and all the guards fast asleep. He immediately thought of Nand ,his close friend in Gokul and decided to handover his child to him in order to save him from the clutch of Kansa. River Yamuna Bows To The Feet of Sri Krishna The night of birth was witnessed by heavy rains which led to River Yamuna being in floods. As soon as the feet of Lord immersed in the river, the flow became normal and Yamuna made way for the Lord. Sheshnag, the serpent formed an umbrella to save the new born baby from rain. Exchange of the Babies Vasudev kept his child next to fast asleep Yashoda and took the baby girl lying with him back to Mathura. The baby girl is believed to be the sister of Lord Vishnu. Disappearance of The Divine Child On hearing the news of birth of the eighth child of Devki and Vasudev, Kansa rushed to the prison-cell and lifted the baby girl to kill her despite pleadings from Devki. However, instead of hitting the stone, the child flew up in the air and announced that the annihilator of Kansa was born and in safe hands. Krishna later grew in Gokul and finally killed his maternal uncle, King Kansa.
